A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) lançou, recentemente, um apelo no sentido de os pais não permitam que crianças com menos de dois anos passem tempo à frente de ecrãs de televisores, smartphones ou computadores.
A iniciativa surge no âmbito da promoção de hábitos saudáveis nas crianças – em especial, no que toca ao cumprimento das horas de sono necessárias e da prática de actividades físicas. A OMS recomenda ainda que crianças entre os 2 e os 5 anos não devem passar mais de 1 hora à frente de ecrãs.
«Melhorar a actividade física, reduzir o sedentarismo e assegurar a qualidade do sono nas crianças vai melhorar a sua saúde física e mental, ajudar também na prevenção da obesidade infantil e de doenças desta natureza, que podem surgir mais tarde durante a vida adulta», disse Fiona Bull, responsável por um programa de observação da população, à Gizmodo, tendo por base as recomendações feitas pela OMS.
Segundo a publicação científica Child Development, um estudo feito sobre o tempo que as crianças passam à frente de ecrãs, defende não haver correlação entre a exposição a monitores e o agravar de problemas de saúde relacionados com a depressão, ansiedade e insónia.
O estudo contemplou informação de cerca de 20 mil entrevistas telefónicas a pais de crianças entre dois e cinco anos de idade, tendo sido estudados factores como o “vício”, “resiliência”, “curiosidade” e “afecto positivo” – a conclusão deste estudo, que teve em conta diferentes variantes (étnicas, idade, género, meios financeiros da família e educação do pai/mãe), mostrou estar distante das «uma a duas horas no máximo por dia» em frente ao televisor, e que são recomendadas pela American Academy of Pediatrics.
Para a OMS, é imperativo assegurar que as crianças desenvolvam hábitos saudáveis tão cedo quanto possível e que o sedentarismo “televisivo” é uma batalha constante, que deve ser substituída por actividades de leitura e com histórias contadas pelos pais.
Quanto ao sono, a OMS recomenda que crianças entre um e dois anos durmam entre 11 a 14 horas e que crianças entre os 3 e os 4 anos devem dormir entre 10 a 13 horas por dia.
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