Início » O legado do “apartheid” assombra o Governo do Congresso Nacional Africano

O legado do “apartheid” assombra o Governo do Congresso Nacional Africano

Por Idnórcio Muchanga

O “apartheid”, que chegou ao fim em 1994, na África do Sul, continua sendo a maior oposição do Governo do Congresso Nacional Africano (ANC). Na realidade, o sistema de segregação racial implementado pela minoria branca na África do Sul, principalmente a partir de 1948, deixou marcas indisfarçáveis que se manifestam em forma de pobreza extrema das populações negras. Com o intuito de combater a pobreza, várias estratégias foram implementadas com destaque para o Black Empowerment e o National Development Plan. Estas duas estratégias visavam corrigir o legado assombroso do “apartheid” devolvendo a terra aos nativos, construindo habitação condigna, dando acesso à água potável, electricidade e educação às populações negras empobrecidas pelo regime minoritário.

Contudo, e para a tristeza do ANC, 25 anos depois da mudança de regime as estratégias não sortiram efeitos esperados. Diante desta difícil realidade, o ANC está, finalmente, a socorrer-se de uma abordagem anti-reconciliação nacional ao defender a expropriação da terra sem indemnização. Um discurso que nasceu no período eleitoral e que cristalizou a similaridade discursiva entre o ANC e Economic Freedom Fighters, mas que põe em alvoroço a comunidade branca na África do Sul e gera uma solidariedade no Ocidente em países como Austrália, EUA, Nova Zelândia e Reino Unido. O alvoroço manifesta-se em manifestações dos farmeiros brancos na África do Sul e ameaça do Ocidente de corte de relações diplomáticas com a África do Sul.

Apesar desse alvoroço, parece que o ANC está decidido a avançar, pelo menos a nível legal. Um sinal nesse sentido foi dado pelo Parlamento, que a 25 de Julho de 2019 adoptou a monção que estabelece a comissão que deverá redigir a emenda constitucional para incluir cláusulas que permitam ao Governo expropriar a terra sem indemnização. Apesar desta vontade de repor a justiça histórica redistribuindo a terra, o ANC enfrenta dois obstáculos principais: a incapacidade económica dos possíveis beneficiários e a dificuldade de identificar justamente as terras a serem redistribuídas.

Por Paulo Mateus Wache*

PWache2000@yahoo.com.br

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